This is the time of year when more cases of giardiasis are likely to occur. Giardiasis is an illness caused by Giardia lamblia, a parasite that lives in the intestines of humans and animals. The illness is not one that the Texas Department of Health requires be reported, however, the Bureau of Epidemiology receives reports of the illness and many inquiries from the public. Symptoms may include diarrhea, abdominal cramps and nausea. These symptoms may result in weight loss and dehydration. Not everyone who is infected will experience symptoms. The average incubation time is 7-10 days, but can be 3-25 days.

Giardia can be found in soil, food water and on surfaces. People may swallow the cyst when swimming in lakes, rivers, ponds or even swimming pools. Someone who has the illness and does not observe good personnel hygiene (hand washing) can pass the illness on by contaminating food, or even inanimate objects such as toys, bathroom fixtures etc. There are prescription medications to treat Giardia, but it is not always recommended since it is a self-limiting illness.

To prevent giardiasis:

• Wash hands with soap and water after using the toilet, changing diapers and before handling food.

• Avoid drinking water from lakes, rivers, etc unless it has been chemically treated or boiled.

• Wash and peel all raw vegetables and fruits before eating.

• If you or your child has Giardia, avoid swimming (even in pools) for two weeks after diarrhea or loose stools have cleared. Giardia cysts are fairly chlorine resistant and are passed in stools for several weeks even after symptoms have ceased.

More information can be obtained by calling the Bureau of Epidemiology at (713) 794-9181.

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