The companies in which Shell plc directly and indirectly owns investments are separate legal entities. In this letter, “Shell” is used for convenience where references are made to Shell plc and its subsidiaries in general and no useful purpose is served by identifying the particular entity or entities. The report was funded by Shell USA, Inc. The report was authored by the Kinder Institute for Urban Research under its full editorial control. The views, data and analysis represented in this report may not represent the views of Shell plc, Shell USA, Inc. and Shell subsidiaries.